Energy Storage Of Renewable Energy Generation - 1423 Words

UTILIZING ENERGY STORAGE TO INCREASE THE PROLIFERATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION AND SOLVE INTERMITTENCY WHILE STABILIZNG THE GRID Brandon Oldham | Vermont Law School | Fall 2015 Energy Policy in a Carbon Constrained World | Michael Dworkin The energy storage field is ripe for investment and investments now can not only lead to financial returns in the future, but doing so can help usher in an industry that may just be able to put the energy sector on a path towards zero carbon emissions while improving grid reliability and security. Think about the boom of the plastics industry following the electrification of the United States, which coincided with the boom of the oil industry. Now fast-forward to today with discussions surrounding microgrid electrification aided in part by the acceleration of solar pho- tovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine renewable energy installations. In terms of rapid growth and in- vestment opportunity, the storage industry today is analogous to the plastics industry of the 1930s. Storage is a field that is born from the coinciding boom of a new type of energy generation (renewable) and a new system for electrification (microgrids). Energy storage, in combination with innovative real time dynamic pricing and renewable electricity generation, can be utilized to mitigate grid power disruptions, inefficiencies inherent in the current supply and demand of electricity to and from the grid, and limit the waste of elec- tricity generated from renewableShow MoreRelatedEssay On Hybrid Thermal Compressed Air Energy Storage849 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasing interest in the adoption of renewable energy sources. However, the integration of renewable sources in our existing infrastructure is challenging, as renewable generation is unstable and intermittent by nature. Energy storage compensates for the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources, by storing energy during surplus power production periods and discharging the stored energy during low production periods. Compressed Air Energy Storage has received much attention as a viableRead MoreHybrid Thermal Compressed Air Energy Storage Essay836 Words   |  4 Page sto increased interest in the adoption of renewable energy sources. However, the integration of renewable sources in our existing infrastructure is challenging, as renewable generation is unstable and intermittent by nature. Energy storage compensates for the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources, by storing energy during surplus power production periods and discharging the stored energy during low production periods. Compressed Air Energy Storage has received much attention as a viableRead MoreHybrid Energy Using Solar And Wind1195 Words   |  5 PagesHybrid energy using solar and wind Sustainable conservation Abstract Hybrid energy systems are being used in rural areas as the advances in renewable energy technology are increasing. Hybrid power consist of two or more renewable energy sources used collectively to provide efficient and balanced energy supply. If multiple energy storage devices with complementary performance characteristics are used together, the resulting hybrid system can reduce the cost of energy storage over singleRead MoreHybrid Wind And Solar Hybrid Generation System867 Words   |  4 Pagestype of energy solutions to preserve the earth for the future generations has become a prerequisite. Other than hydro power, many such energy sources like wind and solar energy is highly potential sources to meet our energy demands. Systems which uses two or more renewable energy sources is is better than the single source system in terms of cost, efficiency and reliability. Standalone Wind/solar hybrid generation system offers a reliable and better solution to distributed generation for remoteRead MoreAustralia Is Committed For The Clean Energy Target Of 33000gwh By The Year 20201272 Words   |  6 Pagesawareness of environmental issues, Australia is committed to the clean energy target of 33,000GWh by the year 2020. Integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in low voltage system will play an important role in fulfilling the target. In order to accommodate DERs, the structure and control strategies of the modern power systems is moving from traditional centralised generation and control structure to localized generation and control and coordination [1]. However, it possesses a variety ofRead MoreEssay about Electrochemical Energy Storage for Electrical Grid1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe current worldwide electric generation is estimated to be about 20terra-watt hours [1]. Almost 68% of the electrical supply is generated by using fossil fuels as the raw material, nuclear accounts for 14%, hydro 15% and the remaining 3% is from renewable resources. The worldwide electrical demand is going to double by the mid-century and triple by the end of century. As the demand will increase so will the generation, which means more fossil fuels will be used which in turn will create more environmentalRead MoreEnergy Crisis : Individual Research Briefing1629 Words   |  7 Pages Tasmanian Energy Crisis Individual Research Briefing Paper Haya Daghlas | ID: 785864 | 19 September 2016â€Æ' Executive Summary 300 Words Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 1 Introduction 4 1.1 Background 4 1.2 Purpose and Scope 4 1.3 Client 4 1.4 The Structure 4 2 Meeting the current energy demand 5 2.1 Findings 5 2.1.1 Energy Capacity and demand in Tasmania 5 2.1.2 The Tasmanian Energy Crisis 6 2.1.3 Temporary response 6 2.1.4 The Tamar Valley Power Station (TVPS)Read MoreAdvantages Of Optimum Design Of Islanded Microgrid863 Words   |  4 PagesBuilding in Myanmar Abstract: Renewable energy sources in energy generation can decrease the costs of system fuel and also can have desirable impact on reliability of system. According to the weather condition in Myanmar, solar energy is the best renewable energy source to provide electricity for both urban and rural areas. The islanded microgrid system optimization that is composed of the photovoltaic (PV) system, battery energy storage system (BESS), and diesel generation system (DGS) is proposed forRead MoreDc Link Voltage Based Islanded Operation And Control1310 Words   |  6 Pagesawareness of environmental issues, Australia is committed to the clean energy target of 33,000GWh by the year 2020. Integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in a low voltage system will play an important role in fulfilling the target. In order to accommodate DERs, the structure and control strategies of the modern power systems is moving from traditional centralised generation and control structure to local ized generation and control and coordination [1]. However, it possesses a variety ofRead MoreWhy Wind Energy Is Important?1471 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Introduction....................................................p.1 †¢ Why Wind energy is important? ...........................p.1 †¢ Installed capacity of renewable energy in India..........p.2 †¢ Advantages.....................................................p.3 †¢ Economy of one wind farm..................................p.4 †¢ Government contribution....................................p.4 †¢ Challenges............................................................p.5 †¢ Suggestion for Improvement

normative theory and policy evaluation Essay - 1136 Words

I. PROFESSIONAL ETHICS An interesting question concerns the ethical obligations of people who do policy analysis research. Such research often involves ethical dilemmas that relate to: 1. Whether ones purposes should include prescription or evaluation, as well as prediction or explanation. 2. Whether or not to work to maximize the interests of a political party, special interest group, or only general societal interests. 3. Focusing on intended consequences versus all consequences. 4. Efficiency versus equity as policy goals. 5. Evaluation along versus evaluation plus diverse replication as an obligation. 6. Cost-incurring versus cost-saving in research. 7. Whether or not to share ones raw data. 8. Research validity†¦show more content†¦2. Bringing up the bottom with regard to those who are least well off, as expounded by John Rawls. 3. Doing things that make everyone better off or at least no one worse off, as expounded by Vilfredo Pareto. Benefits refer to whatever the society and/or its leaders consider desirable. Costs refer to whatever is considered undesirable. Benefits and costs can refer to monetary or nonmonetary effects. Benefits and costs are interchangeable concepts depending on how they are worded. Thus, high employment is a benefit, and high unemployment is a cost, but they are the complements or inverses of each other. It makes more sense to subtract Normative Theory 89 costs from benefits in talking about overall goals than dividing costs by benefits. The subtraction criterion gives more of a net gain to ones original assets when one project is better on B-C, but another is better on B/C. Other overall goals are also defective, such as (1) merely maximizing benefits without considering costs, (2) merely minimizing costs without considering missed benefits, (3) maximizing benefits subject to a maximum cost level, (4) minimizing costs subject to a minimum benefit level, or (5) maximizing change in benefits divided by change in costs. The fifth alternative is only a means to maximizing benefits minus costs. The third and fourth alternativesShow MoreRelatedDemocracy1022 Words   |  5 PagesNormative democratic theory deals with the moral foundations of democracy and democratic institutions. It is distinct from descriptive and explanatory democratic theory. It does not offer in the first instance a scientific study of those societies that are called democratic. It aims to provide an account of when and why democracy is morally desirable as well as moral principles for guiding the design of democratic institutions. Of course, normative democratic theory is inherently inte rdisciplinaryRead MoreCritical Assessment And Communication Of Policy889 Words   |  4 Pagesguiding this study conceptualizes policy analysis as a multidisciplinary inquiry aimed at the creation, critical assessment and communication of policy-relevant information. Policy analysis is a problem-solving discipline. To solve practical problems, the analysis draws on social science methods and theories (Dunn, 2012). The methodology of policy analysis is a process of â€Å"reasoned inquiry aimed at finding solutions to practical problems† (Dunn, 2012 pp. 3). Policy analysis is methodologically heterogeneous;Read MoreA Short Note On Hed 525 Exam # 11323 Words   |  6 Pagessmart group! 1.Why do we have an entire class devoted to Health Behavior Theory?(2 pts) What is its value or application to the field of Health Education/Promotion/Public Health?(2 pts) How do professionals in our field use theory to help address health-related problems? (2 pts) An entire class is devoted to Health Behavior Theories due to the following: To gain knowledge and a foundation on how to use theories. Theories can guide the search to understand why people do or do not practice healthRead MoreBasic Methods Of Policy Analysis And Planning1163 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper is a review of Chapters 1, 2 and 3 in Patton, Sawicki, and Clark, (2012) third edition, Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning. Chapter 1 discusses problem review, the analysis of difficult problems, the complexity of problems and how the decision makers will make their decisions (Patton, 2012, p. 2, 3). Chapter 2 examines the policy analysis process, the types of policy analysis, the role of the analyst and ethical considerations. Chapter 3 discusses the gathering of data, interviewingRead MoreBrief Description Of Public Policy953 Words   |  4 PagesPart A: Brief description of public policy †¢ Policy refers to a distinct path of action that is suitable for the pursuit of desired goals within a particular context, directing the decision-making or behavior of an organization or individual. There are three key elements of policies: problem definition, goals to be achieved, and policy instruments to address the problem and achieve the goal. The policy process is an activity of balancing different solutions that address aspects of complex problems:Read MoreThe On Maximizing Utility By Thomas Jefferson s Pursuit Of Happiness899 Words   |  4 Pages(Powdthavee, 2007). In other words, traditional economic theory assumes that people are expected utility maximizers and that facing a choice, a person will always select an option that provides her with the best financial outcome. Since the 1970s, however, scholars have been exploring a descriptive rather than normative approach to decision-making. Behavioral economists have shown that people rarely behave in the way assumed by classical economic theory and hence maximizing financial gains is not alwaysRead MoreEthical Implications Of Ethical Issues Essay1147 Words   |  5 Pages(Pelsmacker, Drisen and Rayp, 2005). Figure 1.1: Source: (Shaw and Shiu, 2003) 1.1.1. Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior The consumer ethical perspective can be defined by the â€Å"self-image†. The consumer would adopt ethical consumption as much as the ethical issues have become important to their self-identity. The consumer not always makes decision according to the Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior rather is also driven by value to other and self-identificationRead MoreDecision Making And The Prospect Theory1490 Words   |  6 Pagesdecision maker. In the first part of this essay, we will explore the Expected Utility theory and the Prospect Theory, which are normative and descriptive approaches to making decisions with inherent risks. The first part of the essay argues that Expected Utility Theory is a less viable hypothesis to decision making and is fundamentally flawed compared to the Prospect Theory in description and function. Prospect theory is a better model for decision making because firstly, decisions are not often madeRead MoreUtilitarianism : A Ethical Theory13 81 Words   |  6 PagesUtilitarianism is a normative theory that describes how one ought to act by evaluating the consequences of actions, thus utilitarianism is a breed of consequentialism. Consequences determine whether an act is right or wrong, so one ought to act to produce the best results. The best result is the one that maximizes utility, or produces the largest amount of good. Utilitarians define good as pleasure or happiness, since it is the only thing that is intrinsically good. This is not to say that utilitariansRead MoreSocial Responsibility Theory1420 Words   |  6 PagesResponsibility Theory To combat the pressures that threatened freedom of the press, this theory was first introduced in 1947 and was recommended by the Hutchins Commission on Freedom of the Press. It stated that the media should serve the public, and in order to do so, should remain free of government interference. It defined guidelines that the media should follow in order to fulfill its obligation of serving the public. Ethics and the Media The Social Responsibility Theory claimed that the

Australia East Timor Border Conflict - Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Australia East Timor Border Conflict. Answer: Introduction: By and large, the border disagreement between Australia and East Timor is very important and controversial. Mainly, this is due to the fact the pre-existing relationship between the two neighboring countries. Before the beginning of the border dispute, Australia had taken keen interest in helping the country regain its peace during the Indonesian-led violence. At this time, it was thought that Australia extended its help to Timor in good faith, but now it appears as though it had vested interest in the countrys oil reserves (Henriss, 2015). However, it turns out that East Timors oil has long been Australias weakness and managed to short-change its neighbor out of billions of dollars of government revenue. Both nations claim an interest in the lucrative Greater Sunrise gas field (Strating, 2016). Indeed, this aspect makes the disagreement contentious. Additionally, the fact that the conflict creates considerable implications for Timors future security and viability as an independent s tate makes the border disagreement controversial management. It is worth pointing out that Australia actions before and during the border conflicts reflects cruelty and greed. Particularly, the nation undertook premeditated moves after Timor gained independence to ensure it gains an upper hand in disputes arising on the oil field. As such, Australia withdrew from compulsory jurisdiction of international courts and tribunals on matters relating to maritime boundary delimitation. As a result. Timor cannot take any legal claims to a third-party arbitrator and is forced to negotiate with Australia (Strating, 2016). One may argue that the withdrawal was premeditated in preparation for the dispute, long before the border conflict began. All along, Australia disguised itself as a concerned neighbor while setting its eyes on Timors lucrative resources. Reference List Henriss, C. (2015). I thought Australia wanted to help East Timor, not take its oil. [Online] ABC News. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-21/henriss-address-the-oil-injustice/6790978 [Accessed 21 Mar. 2018]. Strating, R. (2016). What you need to know about Timor-Leste and Australia's sea border fight. [Online] The Conversation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/what-you-need-to-know-about-timor-leste-and-australias-sea-border-fight-67377 [Accessed 21 Mar. 2018].

The poetic techniques utilised to create the snowy scene Essay Example For Students

The poetic techniques utilised to create the snowy scene Essay Hardy uses some very effective language in the next couple of lines to describe the snows movement. The phrases, flakes have lost their way and grope back upward and meandering down they turn and descend again are extremely effective and give a good impression of how the snow weaves and how the flakes actually move. The next verse describes the effect of the snow on a sparrow, where it so nearly buries the sparrow. Hardy describes the scene thus: a snow-lump thrice his own size, descends on him and overturns him and near inurns him. We will write a custom essay on The poetic techniques utilised to create the snowy scene specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This portrays the sparrow as being overpowered by the snow and the language used is once again effective. The poem ends with a description of a cat, where we can come to the conclusion of the cat being thin and cold as well as struggling with the snow. The last line involves a human being for the first time throughout the poem; black cat comes, wide-eyed and thin; and we take him in. The fact that there is no human involvement until the last line of the poem emphasises that the poem is about snow and how it affects living things. Hardy describes in detail the snows effect and conveys his message with the use of strong vocabulary and effective language. Edward Thomas poem Snow describes the experience of a child with snow and her innocence. Thomas begins the poem by describing the snows silencing effect and the phrase; gloom of whiteness in the first line sets the scene for the poem very well. This is owing to it being an oxymoron; the gloom being the dark side whilst the whiteness is the snow. Thomas uses direct speech in his poem to describe the childs emotions; bitterly sighing. The use of these strong adverbs describes the snows effect very well as it portrays the childs bitterness at the bird dying. The birds feathers are what the child thinks is causing the snow to fall as when the bird died the scene created is very gloomy. The poem ends with the effective phrase, and still it fell though that dusky brightness, on the child crying for the bird of the snow. This explains that the snow continues to fall even though the child is crying. Thomas describes the effect of the snow on the child very cleverly by mixing the childs emotions with the snow the child believes its snowing because of the birds death. All three poets use a contrasting variety of poetic techniques in their poems. Bridges uses a variety of alliteration to good effect; lessened the load, silently sifting, road roof and railing. All of these examples evoke ideas that Bridges is trying to portray such as the silencing effect. This can be seen in the phrase stillness of solemn air. Bridges also uses a metaphor to describe the precious nature of the snow; they gathered up the crystal manna describing how the children are collecting the snow. Personification is used by Bridges in the phrase his sparkling beams. This suggests the sun as being extremely important. Furthermore, Bridges uses onomatopoeia to evoke action into the poem; muffling and plunging are examples of this. The rhyme scheme of London Snow is an ABAB where every other word rhymes. This is evident with the fact that the pace of the poem quickens. Hardy uses a number of poetic techniques as well. A simile is used in the phrase every fork like a white web-foot which implies that the twigs appear as a ducks foot. Hardy uses assonance to effect with the phrase, snow-lump thrice his own slight size and also alliteration; waft of wind with the fleecy fall, which both describe the snows movement. .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 , .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .postImageUrl , .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 , .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492:hover , .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492:visited , .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492:active { border:0!important; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492:active , .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492 .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9734c9983ca37ed1546f1964cf0cd492:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Great is their powers EssayThe rhyme scheme of the poem is AABB which are rhyming couplets and the pace of the poem does not quicken whereas Bridges does. Thomas poem Snow is a completely different concept to the other two poems as a result of the whole poem being a metaphor. This is owing to the snow being portrayed as the birds feathers. There is sign of alliteration though, where Silence of snow is used to describe the snow as a silencer. There is no consistent rhyme scheme to the poem whereas there is in the other two poems. All three of the poems have a contrasting structure. Bridges structure is a thirty seven line poem with three line stanzas and a total of four sentences are used throughout the poem. Apart from the beginning and the end of the poem, every third line is indented. Hardy, however, has used four verses and where the first contains eight lines and the other three contain four lines. There are four sentences just as in Bridges poem. Thomas poem is an eight line verse and contains two sentences throughout the poem rather than the four that Bridges and Hardy used. In conclusion, I feel Robert Bridges has effectively created the snowy scene in his poem London Snow. I believe the detail of the description he has used has worked effectively as it portrays a magical Impression of the snow. Bridges uses a variety of adjectives and verbs to describe the snow and how it can transform a scene; Stifling, Incessantly, and Silently sifting are a few examples of adjectives used to describe the scene. Bridges creates many ideas and messaged to do with the snow such as how at first it can be magical and pure but it can then be ruined by people walking on it. I feel this portrays the snowy scene well and depicts exactly what happens owing to the snow being uncontrollable. The fact that Bridges has used many poetic techniques makes his poem effective. He uses a number of alliterative phrases including Silently Sifting which describes the snows silencing effect. Furthermore, he uses metaphors, onomatopoeia and personification. Therefore after assessing all three poems, I have reached the conclusion that Robert Bridges poem London Snow is the most effective in creating the snowy scene.

Free Essays on Spyware, The Newest Form Of Privacy Invasion

, and recording credit card numbers. Spywar... Free Essays on Spyware, The Newest Form Of Privacy Invasion Free Essays on Spyware, The Newest Form Of Privacy Invasion In a study of 3 million computers, over 83 million spyware programs were found. Spy-ware, which is deceitfully installed by malicious attackers, is an ever increasing problem among professional and home computer users worldwide. It not only causes performance problems for computers, but can also damage the computer’s hardware. It infects an estimated 80% of all computers worldwide, and many users have no idea what "spyware" is. Anyone who uses a computer should educate themselves on what spyware is, how it gets onto computers, and how to protect themselves. If people have no knowledge of what spyware is how can they protect their computer properly? Many people have heard about spyware and are purchasing programs to help protect their selves from it, but this is not always the best solution. Many legitimate software programs contain an information-gathering functionality that they need in order to perform properly. These include error reporting applications, troubleshooting and maintenance programs, security protocols, and Internet browsers. These small windows into computer’s security systems are there for legitimate programs that need some access to properly display their products and services, and if people install blocking tools that block all communication on those ports, then they also block the legitimate programs also. Spyware companies’ exploit this built in access to read personal or private information stored on computers. These programs can have devastating effects on a computer. Once a spyware program is installed on a computer it can be almost impossible to detect or remove. Sometimes multiple spyware programs can infect a computer and slow down the system to the point that it is almost useless. Spyware is the most commonly used tool for criminals committing identity theft. Spyware can perform many tasks, such as; recording keystrokes, recording passwords, and recording credit card numbers. Spywar...

Observations on Eloquence in Writing and Speaking

Observations on Eloquence in Writing and Speaking Definition Eloquence is the art or practice of using fluent, forceful, and persuasive discourse. Its adjectival form is  eloquent  and its adverb form is  eloquently. Etymology The word  eloquence  derives from the Old French word  eloquent, which itself came from the Latin  eloquens.  That Latin word essentially had the same meaning as the modern  eloquent  and pointed to a talent for speaking well. Its Latin etymology points to this as well:  e  (a preposition meaning  out  or  outwards) and  loqui  (the verb for  to speak). Elements Eloquence is generally considered an asset when it comes to spoken and written language. The art of using eloquent language in a persuasive manner is called  rhetoric, and the two often go hand in hand. However, eloquence differs from rhetoric in that rhetoric, by its very definition, has a purpose: convincing someone of something. Eloquence may be used in rhetoric, but it can also exist for its own sake of simply appreciating and using the possibilities of language. Eloquence can be achieved in a wide variety of ways. There are some elements or techniques that are generally important. Things like interesting word choice, varied sentence structure, repetition, and logical progression of ideas all may play a role. For more information on the elements of rhetorical style, try: Anti-RhetoricCopiaDeclamationThe English Manner of Discourse, by Thomas SpratEuphonyFormal Style and Informal StyleOratoryPhonaestheticsRhetoricSamuel Johnson on the Bugbear StyleWhat Is Style?Wisdom Speaking Eloquently Observations Writers, thinkers, and rhetoricians have had plenty of things to say about the virtues of eloquence over time. See some of their observations below: Talking and eloquence are not the same: to speak and to speak well are two things.(Ben Jonson, Timber, or Discoveries, 1630)They are eloquent who can speak low things acutely, and of great things with dignity, and of moderate things with temper.(Cicero, The Orator)In a word, to feel your subject thoroughly, and to speak without fear, are the only rules of eloquence.(Oliver Goldsmith, Of Eloquence, 1759)Today it is not the classroom nor the classics which are the repositories of models of eloquence, but the ad agencies.(Marshall McLuhan, The Mechanical Bride, 1951)Denis Donoghue on the Gift of EloquenceEloquence, as distinct from rhetoric, has no aim: it is a play of words or other expressive means. It is a gift to be enjoyed in appreciation and practice. The main attribute of eloquence is gratuitousness: its place in the world is to be without place or function, its mode is to be intrinsic. Like beauty, it claims only the privilege of being a grace note in the culture that permits it . . . .[T]he qualities of writing I care about are increasingly hard to expound: aesthetic finesse, beauty, eloquence, style, form, imagination, fiction, the architecture of a sentence, the bearing of rhyme, pleasure, how to do things with words. It has become harder to persuade students that these are real places of interest and value in a poem, a play, a novel, or an essay in the New Yorker. . . .It is regrettable that undergraduate education is already turned toward the professional and managerial skills on which students will depend for a livelihood. Those skills do not include eloquence or an appreciation of eloquence: each profession has its own ways of speech, corresponding to its pragmatic purposes and values.(Denis Donoghue, On Eloquence. Yale University Press, 2008) Kenneth Burke on Eloquence and LiteratureEloquence itself . . . is no mere plaster added to a framework of more stable qualities. Eloquence is simply the end of art, and is thus its essence. Even the poorest art is eloquent, but in a poor way, with less intensity, until this aspect is obscured by others fattening upon its leanness. Eloquence is not showiness . . ..The primary purpose of eloquence is not to enable us to live our lives on paperit is to convert life into its most thorough verbal equivalent. The categorical appeal of literature resides in a liking for verbalization as such, just as the categorical appeal of music resides in a liking for musical sounds as such.(Kenneth Burke, Counter-Statement. Harcourt, 1931)Sterne on Two Kinds of EloquenceThere are two sorts of eloquence. The one indeed scarce deserves the name of it, which consists chiefly in laboured and polished periods, an over-curious and artificial arrangement of figures, tinselled over with a gaudy embellishment of words, which glitter, but convey little or no light to the understanding. This kind of writing is for the most part much affected and admired by people of weak judgment and vicious taste. . . . The other sort of eloquence is quite the reverse of this; and which may be said to be the true characteristic of the holy scriptures, where the excellence does not arise from a laboured and far-fetched elocution, but from a surprising mixture of simplicity and majesty, which is a double character, so difficult to be united, that it is seldom to be met with in compositions merely human.(Laurence Sterne, Sermon 42: Search the Scriptures, 1760) David Hume on Modern EloquenceIt may be pretended, that the decline of eloquence is owing to the superior good sense of the moderns, who reject with disdain all those rhetorical tricks employed to seduce the judges, and will admit of nothing but solid argument in any debate of deliberation. . . . Now, banish the pathetic from public discourses, and you reduce the speakers merely to modern eloquence; that is, to good sense delivered in proper expression.(David Hume, An Essay on Eloquence, 1742)Pope on False and True EloquenceWords are like leaves; and where they most abound,Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found:False Eloquence, like the prismatic glass,Its gaudy colours spreads on every place;The face of Nature we no more survey,All glares alike, without distinction gay;But true expression, like th unchanging Sun,Clears and improves whateer it shines upon;It gilds all objects, but it alters none.(Alexander Pope, An Essay on Criticism, 1711)Milton on Eloquence and TruthFor me, re aders, although I cannot say that I am utterly untrained in those rules which best rhetoricians have given, or unacquainted with those examples which the prime authors of eloquence have written in any learned tongue; yet true eloquence I find to be none, but the serious and hearty love of truth: and that whose mind soever is fully possessed with a fervent desire to know good things, and with the dearest charity to infuse the knowledge of them into others, when such a man would speak, his words (by what I can express) like so many nimble and airy servitors trip about him at command, and in well-ordered files, as he would wish, fall aptly into their own places.(John Milton, An Apology for Smectymnuus, 1642) Pronunciation: EH-le-kwents

Professional Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Professional Research Methods - Essay Example Other concerns about the applicability of quantitative methodologies to in-dept examination of complex social phenomena include taking the collected data out of the real-world setting, poor representativeness and generalisation of data, exclusion of discovery from the realm of scientific inquiry, etc. The institutional structure of business and management research has also reacted to the criticism of the positivist paradigm. Increasing numbers of qualitative studies published domestically and internationally have challenged the traditional view of qualitative research paradigm as the inferior to the more rigorous and reliable quantitative methodology. The aim of this paper is to identify the major research designs and techniques associated with each methodology and to provide explanation on the views about the nature of knowledge (epistemology) and the nature of reality (ontology) underlying these perspectives. There are various classifications of methods used in the area of professional research, but the most common classification splits the methods into two large groups, namely quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative methodology employs methods historically applied in the natural (physical) sciences. The primary task of quantitative research is to ensure validity and reliability of results (Dingwall et al, 1998). Examples of quantitative methods widely used in the social sciences and business and management research are survey methods, formal methods (e.g. econometrics), laboratory experiments and several numerical methods (e.g. mathematical modelling) (Myers, 1997). Quantitative research implies standardized questionnaires and methods of data analysis, specific position of the researcher whom is considered external to the research, replicability of the results regardless of the context, etc (Wainer and Braun, 1998). While reliability and validity are the most often cited strengths of the quantitative methodology, poor applicability of this methodology to exploration of a phenomenon, which is difficult or impossible to quantify, is considered a serious weakness. The main drawback that limits applicability of quantitative methods is the so-called 'decontextualization': models constructed on the basis of data obtained through quantitative methods do not take into account certain variables that act in the real world context (Patton, 1987). Qualitative methodology utilizes a naturalistic approach seeking to understand phenomena in a specific context, such as "real world setting [where] the researcher does not attempt to manipulate the phenomenon of interest" (Patton, 2002: 39). The broad definition of qualitative research is "any kind of research that produces findings not arrived at by means of statistical procedures or other means of quantification" (Strauss and Corbin, 1990: 17). Qualitative research reveals findings observed in the real world context where the phenomena being studied unfold naturally (Patton, 2002). The motivation underlying qualitative research is the researchers desire to understand the social and cultural phenomena within the real-world setting. Qualitative methods are designed to